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RESOURCES INFORMATION LIBRARY

RESOURCES

RESEARCH, DATA & ARTICLES

This resource is collection of the best and latest research on vaping and other reduced-harm products, medical journal articles, as well as journalistic pieces organized by topic that contain valuable data, information, and perspectives on tobacco harm reduction, vaping, and safer nicotine products.

Our intention is update this resource with additional sources as they become available, so please check back often.

Jump to Topic…

Science // Smoking Cessation
Science // Harm Reduction
Science // Health Effects
Science // Flavors
Science // Youth Usage
Science // Smokeless Tobacco
Science // Regulatory Effects
News // Smoking Cessation
News // Harm Reduction
News // COVID-19
News // EVALI
News // Youth Usage
News // Social Justice
News // Taxes
News // Tobacco Control

Highlighted Resources

These resources are some of the highest rated, latest research on vaping.

Nicotine Without Smoke: Tobacco Harm Reduction

Royal College of Physicians
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Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation

Cochrane Review
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A Randomized Trial of E-Cigarettes versus Nicotine-Replacement Therapy

The New England Journal of Medicine
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Cardiovascular Effects of Switching From Tobacco Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
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Scientific Research / Articles

Smoking Cessation
July 26, 2017
E-cigarette use and associated changes in population smoking cessation: evidence from US current population surveys
Shu-Hong Zhu, Yue-Lin Zhuang, Shiushing Wong, Sharon E Cummins, Gary J Tedeschi
"The substantial increase in e-cigarette use among US adult smokers was associated with a statistically significant increase in the smoking cessation rate at the population level."
Feb 14, 2019
A Randomized Trial of E-Cigarettes versus Nicotine-Replacement Therapy
Peter Hajek, Ph.D., Anna Phillips-Waller, B.Sc., Dunja Przulj, Ph.D., Francesca Pesola, Ph.D., Katie Myers Smith, D.Psych., Natalie Bisal, M.Sc., Jinshuo Li, M.Phil., Steve Parrott, M.Sc., Peter Sasieni, Ph.D., Lynne Dawkins, Ph.D., Louise Ross, Maciej Goniewicz, Ph.D., Pharm.D., et al.
May 23, 2019
Expert reaction to study of smoking cessation aids
Science Media Centre
July 11, 2019
Electronic Cigarette Use and Cigarette Abstinence Over 2 Years Among U.S. Smokers in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study
Sara Kalkhoran, MD, MAS, Yuchiao Chang, PhD, Nancy A Rigotti, MD
Want to quit smoking? There’s the e-cigarette
Sept 9, 2019
Nicotine patches used in combination with e-cigarettes (with and without nicotine) for smoking cessation: a pragmatic, randomised trial
Natalie Walker, PhD, Varsha Parag, MSc, Marjolein Verbiest, PhD, George Laking, MBChB, Prof Murray Laugesen, MBChB, Prof Christopher Bullen, MBChB
Sept 17, 2019
Patterns of e-cigarette use and subsequent cigarette smoking cessation over two years (2013/2014 to 2015/2016) in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study
Allison Glasser, MPH, Mahathi Vojjala, MPH, Jennifer Cantrell, DrPH, MPA, David T Levy, PhD, Daniel P Giovenco, PhD, MPH, David Abrams, PhD, Raymond Niaura, PhD
Oct 14, 2020
Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation
Cochrane Review - Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Hayden McRobbie, Nicola Lindson, Chris Bullen, Rachna Begh, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A Rigotti, Tari Turner, Ailsa R Butler, Peter Hajek
Vapes more effective to quit smoking than gum or patch, review finds
March 16, 2021
A Single-Arm, Open-Label, Pilot, and Feasibility Study of a High Nicotine Strength E-Cigarette Intervention for Smoking Cessation or Reduction for People With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Who Smoke Cigarettes
Pasquale Caponnetto, PhD, Jennifer DiPiazza, PhD, Jason Kim, MD, Marilena Maglia Lyc Psych, Riccardo Polosa, MD, PhD
A New Study In Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Published By Oxford University Press, Finds That The Use Of High-Strength Nicotine E-Cigarettes Can Help Adults With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Quit Smoking
June 29, 2021
E-cigarettes versus nicotine replacement treatment as harm reduction interventions for smokers who find quitting difficult: Randomised controlled trial
Katie Myers Smith, Anna Phillips-Waller, Francesca Pesola, Hayden McRobbie, Dunja Przulj, Marzena Orzol, Peter Hajek
E-cigarettes more helpful than nicotine replacement treatments for dependent smokers
"In smokers unable to quit using conventional methods, e-cigarettes were more effective than nicotine replacement therapy in facilitating validated long-term smoking reduction and smoking cessation, when limited other support was provided."

Harm Reduction
April 28, 2016
Nicotine without smoke: Tobacco harm reduction
Royal College of Physicians
Oct 2, 2017
Potential deaths averted in USA by replacing cigarettes with e-cigarettes
David T Levy, Ron Borland, Eric N Lindblom, Maciej L Goniewicz, Rafael Meza, Theodore R Holford, Zhe Yuan, Yuying Luo, Richard J O’Connor, Raymond Niaura, David B Abrams
Jan 23, 2018
Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Feb 6, 2018
E-cigarettes and heated tobacco products: evidence review
Public Health England
Clearing up some myths around e-cigarettes
Dec 13, 2019
Evidence, alarm, and the debate over e-cigarettes
Amy Fairchild, Cheryl Healton, James Curran, David Abrams, Ronald Bayer
Aug 21, 2020
A magic bullet? The potential impact of e-cigarettes on the toll of cigarette smoking
David Mendez, PhD, Kenneth E Warner, PhD
March 7, 2021
Economics of E-Cigarettes Slide Deck
Mike Pesko

Health Effects
Jan 9, 2014
Peering through the mist: systematic review of what the chemistry of contaminants in electronic cigarettes tells us about health risks
Igor Burstyn
March 21, 2017
Nicotine, Carcinogen, and Toxin Exposure in Long-Term E-Cigarette and Nicotine Replacement Therapy Users: A Cross-sectional Study
Lion Shahab, PhD; Maciej L. Goniewicz, PhD; Benjamin C. Blount, PhD; Jamie Brown, PhD; Ann McNeill, PhD; K. Udeni Alwis, PhD; June Feng, PhD; Lanqing Wang, PhD; Robert West, PhD
Nov 17, 2017
Health impact of E-cigarettes: a prospective 3.5-year study of regular daily users who have never smoked
Riccardo Polosa, Fabio Cibella, Pasquale Caponnetto, Marilena Maglia, Umberto Prosperini, Cristina Russo & Donald Tashkin
Aug 28, 2018
Electronic Cigarette Use May Reverse the Harm Resulting From Tobacco Smoking in COPD Patients, Even in the Long Term
Riccardo Polosa
Nov 15, 2019
Cardiovascular Effects of Switching From Tobacco Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes
Jacob George, Muhammad Hussain, Thenmalar Vadiveloo, Sheila Ireland, Pippa Hopkinson, Allan D. Struthers, Peter T. Donnan, Faisel Khan and Chim C. Lang
Vaping less harmful than smoking for vascular health, major study finds
Jan 2020
Seizures After Vaping Nicotine in Youth: A Canary or a Red Herring?
Neal L. Benowitz M.D.
Mar 20, 2020
Dependence on E-Cigarettes and Cigarettes in a Cross-Sectional Study of US Adults
Saul Shiffman, Mark A Sembower
Sept 4, 2020
COPD smokers who switched to e-cigarettes: health outcomes at 5-year follow up
Ricardo Polosa , Jaymin B Morjaria , Umberto Prosperini, Barbara Busà, Alfio Pennisi, Mario Malerba, Marilena Maglia and Pasquale Caponnetto
COPD Patients Who Switch From Smoking to Vaping See Long-Term Benefits

Flavors
Nov 7, 2019
Factors associated with past 30-day abstinence from cigarette smoking in adult established smokers who used a JUUL vaporizer for 6 months
Christopher Russell, Farhana Haseen & Neil McKeganey
June 5, 2020
Associations of Flavored e-Cigarette Uptake With Subsequent Smoking Initiation and Cessation
Abigail S. Friedman, PhD; SiQing Xu, BS
June 11, 2020
The impact of a comprehensive tobacco product flavor ban in San Francisco among young adults
Yong Yang, Eric N. Lindblom, Ramzi G. Salloum, and Kenneth D. Ward
July 09, 2020
The actual and anticipated effects of a menthol cigarette ban: a scoping review
Christopher J. Cadham, Luz Maria Sanchez-Romero, Nancy L. Fleischer, Ritesh Mistry, Jana L. Hirschtick, Rafael Meza & David T. Levy
Feb 25, 2021
How does the use of flavored nicotine vaping products relate to progression towards quitting smoking? Findings from the 2016 and 2018 ITC 4CV Surveys
Lin Li, PhD, Ron Borland, PhD, K Michael Cummings, PhD, Geoffrey T Fong, PhD, Shannon Gravely, PhD, Danielle M Smith, MPH, Maciej L Goniewicz, PhD, Richard J O’Connor, PhD, Mary E Thompson, PhD, Ann McNeill, PhD
May 24, 2021
A Difference-in-Differences Analysis of Youth Smoking and a Ban on Sales of Flavored Tobacco Products in San Francisco, California
Abigail S. Friedman
San Francisco's Flavored Vape Ban Linked to More Teen Smoking, Study Finds
"San Francisco’s ban on flavored tobacco product sales was associated with increased smoking among minor high school students relative to other school districts."

Youth Usage
Jan 27, 2017
Adolescents and e-cigarettes: Objects of concern may appear larger than they are
Lynn T. Kozlowski, Kenneth E.Warner
April 16, 2018
Examining the relationship of vaping to smoking initiation among US youth and young adults: a reality check
David T Levy, Kenneth E Warner, K Michael Cummings, David Hammond, Charlene Kuo, Geoffrey T Fong, James F Thrasher, Maciej Lukasz Goniewicz, Ron Borland
Teen Vaping May Have Led to Less Teen Smoking, Study Finds
April 2, 2019
UVM Community Medical School: Vaping, JUULING, and E-Cigarettes - Public Health Implications
Andrea Villanti, M.P.H., Ph.D.
Oct 7, 2019
Epidemic of youth nicotine addiction? What does the National Youth Tobacco Survey reveal about high school e-cigarette use in the USA?
Robert West, Jamie Brown, Martin Jarvis
Jan 27, 2020
Youth Vaping and Tobacco Use in Context in the United States: Results from the 2018 National Youth Tobacco Survey
Allison M Glasser, MPH, Amanda L Johnson, MHS, Raymond S Niaura, PhD, David B Abrams, PhD, Jennifer L Pearson, PhD, MPH
Most Young People Do Not Vape, and Even Fewer Vape Regularly
June 12, 2020
The Relationship Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Conventional Cigarette Smoking Is Largely Attributable to Shared Risk Factors
Sooyong Kim, Arielle S Selya
"Our findings show that the apparent relationship between e-cigarette use and current cigarette smoking is entirely attributable to shared risk factors for tobacco use."
Jan 04, 2021
Trends in Electronic Cigarette Use and Conventional Smoking: Quantifying a Possible “Diversion” Effect among U.S. Adolescents
Arielle S. Selya, Floe Foxon
Using data simulations, these researchers have concluded that the "gateway" effect (that youth who vape will progress to smoking) does not align with the real-world data reported in the CDC's National Youth Tobacco Surveys. In fact, they find that the most likely scenario is that vaping diverts youth from smoking.
March 18, 2021
The “gateway” effect of e-cigarettes may be explained by a genetic liability to risk-taking
Wayne Hall, Gary Chan
"E-cigarette use has also not been accompanied by increased cigarette smoking among young people in the United States, as would be the case if e-cigarette use were a major gateway to cigarette smoking. The latter findings suggest that any gateway effect of e-cigarettes is small at the population level because smoking prevalence has continued to decline, despite an increased uptake of e-cigarettes among young adults in countries that allow their sale."
May 15, 2021
High school seniors who used e-cigarettes may have otherwise been cigarette smokers: Evidence from Monitoring the Future (United States, 2009-2018)
Natasha A Sokol, Justin M Feldman
"Vaping is largely concentrated among non-smoking youth who would likely have smoked prior to the introduction of e-cigarettes, and the introduction of e-cigarettes has coincided with an acceleration in the decline in youth smoking rates."

Smokeless Tobacco
April 11, 2019
Smokeless tobacco mortality risks: an analysis of two contemporary nationally representative longitudinal mortality studies
Michael T. Fisher, Susan Marie Tan-Torres, Charles L. Gaworski, Ryan A. Black & Mohamadi A. Sarkar
May 28, 2020
No association between moist oral snuff (snus) use and oral cancer: pooled analysis of nine prospective observational studies
Marzieh Araghi, Maria Rosaria Galanti, Michael Lundberg, Zhiwei Liu, Weimin Ye, Anton Lager, Gunnar Engström, Lars Alfredsson, Anders Knutsson, Margareta Norberg, Patrik Wennberg, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Rino Bellocco, Nancy L. Pedersen, Per-Olof Östergren, Cecilia Magnusson

Regulatory Effects
Jan 15, 2019
The effects of e-cigarette minimum legal sale age laws on youth substance use
Dhaval Dave, Bo Feng, Michael F. Pesko
"...our findings suggest a possible unintended effect of e-cigarette MLSA laws-rising cigarette use in the short term while youth are restricted from purchasing e-cigarettes."
Dec 13, 2019
E-Cigarettes and Adult Smoking: Evidence from Minnesota
Henry Saffer, Michael Grossman, Daniel Dench, Dhaval Dave
"Estimates suggest that the e-cigarette tax increased adult smoking and reduced smoking cessation in Minnesota..."
May 5, 2021
Effect of Massachusetts House Bill No. 4196 on electronic cigarette use: a mixed-methods study
Amanda Katchmar, Adrian Gunawan, Michael Siegel
"These results suggest that the Massachusetts flavor ban and tax did not reduce e-cigarette consumption in the Greater Boston area, and that messaging questioning the safety of e-cigarettes led to an increase in combustible cigarette use."

News Media / Blog Articles

Smoking Cessation
Jan 30, 2019
E-Cigarettes Are Effective at Helping Smokers Quit, a Study Says
Jan Hoffman, The New York Times
Feb 7, 2019
What a Breakthrough E-Cigarette Study Illustrates About Addiction
Stanton Peele, Filter Magazine
Jan 8, 2020
American Lung Association’s “Quit, Don’t Switch” Campaign a Big Mistake
Chelsea Boyd, Filter Magazine
Jan 28, 2021
Smoking’s Long Decline Is Over
Jennifer Maloney, The Wall Street Journal

Harm Reduction
Jun 19, 2015
Nicotine Itself Isn't The Real Villain
Sally Satel, Forbes
March 5, 2016
Can Nicotine Be Good for You?
Anna Fels, The New York Times
May 22, 2016
To vape or not to vape: are E-cigarettes a miracle or a menace?
RadioTimes
Nov 15, 2018
Let’s not overreact about e-cigarettes
Tom Miller, The Washington Post
Dec 28, 2018
Public Health England maintains vaping is 95% less harmful than smoking
Sarah Boseley, The Guardian
Jan 14, 2019
A Harm Reduction Guide for Parents of Teens Who Vape
Helen Redmond, Filter Magazine
June 27, 2019
Denial of Nicotine Health Information Is a Breach of Human Rights
Michael McGrady, Filter Magazine
July 11, 2019
Will an E-Cigarette Ban Do More Harm Than Good?
Rachel Harrison, NYU
July 11, 2019
U.K. government promotes vaping as smoking cessation tool
CNBC Interview with John Newton
July 26, 2019
E-Cigarette Bans Undermine Decades of Anti-Smoking Efforts
Michael Siegel, National Review
Aug 1, 2019
The Impact of Electronic Cigarettes on Cigarette Smoking By Americans and Its Health and Economic Implications
Robert J. Shapiro, Progressive Policy Institute
Sept 16, 2019
Regulating e-cigarettes requires a scalpel, not a hammer
The Inquirer Editorial Board
Sept 20, 2019
Public health expert on e-cigarette panic
CBS Interview with David Abrams
Oct 2, 2019
Why this addiction expert says e-cigarettes are ‘holy grail’ for public health
CNBC Interview with Sally Satel
Oct 19, 2019
I heard vaping wasn't safe. It made my smoking-cessation aid seem oddly cooler
Jeff Winkler, NBC News
Nov 12, 2019
Banning E-Cigarettes Could Do More Harm Than Good
The New York Times Editorial Board
Nov 12, 2019
The War Against E-Cigarettes Is Profoundly Wrong
Steve Forbes, Forbes
Nov 14, 2019
Forget Cali Sober. Now There's Vape Sober
Alex Norcia, Vice
Nov 14, 2019
A Different Dose of Drug Education
Katelyn Newman, USA News
Nov 25, 2019
Don’t destroy the nicotine vaping industry
Gregory Conley, USA Today
Dec 18, 2019
A Lifesaving Disruptive Technology and the Effort to Destroy It
Clive Bates, Filter Magazine
Feb 7, 2020
Vaping: what people are getting wrong
The Economist
Nov 24, 2020
It’s time to make room for vaping in the harm reduction tent
Maria Papaioannoy, The Hamilton Spectator
Jan 6, 2021
Tobacco Harm Reduction’s Prospects Under the Biden Administration
Michael McGrady, Filter Magazine

COVID-19
Mar 17, 2020
A Scientist Persuaded Italy to Exempt Vape Shops From COVID-19 Lockdown
Helen Redmond, Filter Magazine
Mar 24, 2020
VAPING AND SARS-CoV-2 AND COVID-19
Roberto Sussman and Carmen Escrig
Jan 04, 2021
Experts Question Study Claiming E-Cigarettes Are a COVID-19 Risk Factor
Jacob James Rich, Reason Foundation
June 11, 2021
Study Finds Vapers Not More Likely To Get COVID-19
Guy Bentley, Reason Foundation

EVALI
Sept 10, 2019
The Mystery Lung Disease Caused by “Vaping” Was a Textbook Drug Panic
Helen Redmond, Filter Magazine
Sept 12, 2019
Trump’s Futile Ban on Flavors
Jeremy Samuel Faust, Slate
Sept 13, 2019
Stop hating on vaping
Tom Chivers, UnHerd
Sept 24, 2019
Journey of a tainted vape cartridge: from China’s labs to your lungs
David Downs, Dave Howard, and Bruce Barcott, Leafly
Nov 20, 2019
Doctors treating deadly lung disease face a problem: Some patients lie about vaping
Angelica LaVito, CNBC
Nov 22, 2019
Heads Should Roll at CDC after Botched Vaping Investigation
Guy Bentley, Real Clear Policy
Dec 31, 2019
At year’s end, time to ask: Why did the CDC ignore vaping evidence?
Bruce Barcott, Leafly
Jan 2020
The Vaping Panic Is a Major Setback for Public Health
Jacob Sallum, Reason
Jan 16, 2020
CDC Confirms Black Markets, not "Vaping," Caused Outbreak
Michelle Minton, Competitive Enterprise Institute
Feb 5, 2020
E-Cigarettes Increasingly Blamed for Lung Illnesses, as Evidence Points Elsewhere
Sara Wilson, Morning Consult

Youth Usage
Aug 29, 2017
E-cigarette teen warnings unfounded, says Public Health England
Henry Bodkin, The Telegraph
Sept 30, 2019
Teen: What adults aren't telling us about vaping
Eliza Shapiro, CNN
Oct 9, 2019
Older Smokers Are the Forgotten Victims of Our Vaping Wars
Annie Kleykamp, Filter Magazine
Dec 20, 2019
Blame Anti-Tobacco Advocates for Youth Vaping "Epidemic"
Michelle Minton, Competitive Enterprise Institute

Social Justice
Feb 27, 2020
“You Don’t Have to be Young to Be Stupid” – Tales From the Land of Prohibition
Lindsay Mark Lewis, Progressive Policy Institute
Feb 27, 2020
Menthol ban causes discrimination concerns
Andrew Siddons, Lindsey McPherson, and Emily Kopp, Roll Call
March 16, 2021
A New Study In Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Published By Oxford University Press, Finds That The Use Of High-Strength Nicotine E-Cigarettes Can Help Adults With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Quit Smoking
CoEHAR

Taxes
Nov 11, 2019
Rising popularity of vaping blamed for drop in WV's tobacco settlement payment
Phil Kabler, The Herald Dispatch
Jan 5, 2020
Minnesota introduced an e-cigarette tax to deter people from vaping — and then smoking rates increased
Meera Jagannathan, Market Watch
Jan 6, 2020
What if a Vaping Tax Encouraged Cigarette Smoking?
Margot Sanger-Katz, The New York Times
Jan 31, 2021
One State’s Flavored Tobacco & Vape Ban Is A Cautionary Tale For The Nation
Patrick Gleason, Forbes

Tobacco Control
Dec 5, 2018
Fear Profiteers
Michelle Minton, Competitive Enterprise Institute
Dec 18, 2018
The “Public Health” Industrial-Complex Behind the Anti-Vaping Push
Michael McGrady, Capital Research
Feb 1, 2019
The Arrogance of Public Health Advocacy
Ronald W. Dworkin, The American Interest
April 4, 2019
Where Anti-Vaxxers and Anti-Vapers Meet
Michelle Minton, Medium
July 17, 2019
Vaping link to heart attacks disputed
USA Today Interview with Brad Rodu
July 23, 2019
FDA Cherry Picks Science in “Magic” Anti-Vaping Campaign
Filter Magazine Staff
Aug 19, 2019
Anti-Vaping Researchers Claim E-Cigarettes Cause Heart Attacks Before Smokers Try Them
Jacob Sullum, Reason
Oct 17, 2018
The FDA Doesn’t Know What To Do About Scientists Who Are Sexual Harassers
Stephanie M. Lee, BuzzFeed News
Oct 17, 2019
Five myths about vaping
Daniel Giovenco, The Washington Post
Feb 13, 2020
Dismantling NY Mag’s Disgraceful Hit-Job on Vaping
Helen Redmond, Filter Magazine
Feb 26, 2020
Do Anti-Vaping Ads and Media Actually Encourage Youth Vaping?
Michael McGrady, Filter Magazine
Mar 11, 2020
Scientists Say Another Panic-Fueling Vaping Study Needs to Be Retracted
Alex Norcia, Vice
Sept 04, 2020
The Future of Tobacco: To save smokers’ lives, America must reject its prohibitionist anti-smoking movement
Jacob Grier
March 23, 2021
Bloomberg’s Millions Funded an Effective Campaign Against Vaping. Could It Do More Harm Than Good?
Marc Gunther, The Chronicle of Philanthropy